Fig. 2

The Regulatory Mechanism of PD-L1 Expression. The complicated regulation of PD-L1 expression includes various transcription factors, epigenetic and genetic alterations. ERO1α, endoplasmic reticulum oxidoreductase; IFN-γ, Interferon-γ; IL-6, Interleukin-6; JAK, Janus Kinase; EGF, Epidermal growth factor; GSK3β, Glycogen synthase kinase 3β; B3GNT3, β-1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase 3; PMA, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate; PI3K, Phosphatidylinositide 3-kinases; HIF1α, hypoxia-inducible factor 1α; STAT, signal transducer and activator of transcription; TCF, T cell-specific transcription factor; LEF, lymphoid enhancer-binding factor; NF-κB, nuclear factor κB; AP1, activator protein 1; H3K4me3, histone H3 lysine 4 trimethylation; miRNA, microRNAs