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Fig. 2 | Molecular Cancer

Fig. 2

From: Crosstalk of pyroptosis and cytokine in the tumor microenvironment: from mechanisms to clinical implication

Fig. 2

The inducing factors of pyroptosis in tumor microenvironment. Inflammasome activation, pro-inflammatory cytokines, hypoxia, and drug therapies can initiate pyroptosis in the TME. PRRs identify PAMPs or DAMPs and further trigger the formation of inflammasomes within the TME. Eventually, pro-inflammatory cytokines release and pyroptosis occurs. Hypoxia in TME promotes the GSDMC-dependent pyroptosis with PD-L1 and phosphorylated Stat3. Diverse drug therapies can induce pyroptosis in multi-forms. Pro-inflammatory cytokines secreted by immune cells and released by pyroptotic tumor cells may cause peripheral inflammation, which may further recruit and activate more immune cells. Additionally, immune cells may directly kill tumor cells, thus enhancing the peripheral inflammation

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Molecular Cancer

ISSN: 1476-4598