Fig. 1

Exploring blood-derived exoRNA-seq profiles. A Schematic diagram of identification of multi-cancer biomarkers using exoRNA-seq data. B PCA illustrating the distribution characteristics of blood-derived exoRNA-seq samples from the cancer and control groups across eight cancer types. Cancer samples are denoted in red, while control samples are represented in blue. C Bar plots depicting the exact number of DEGs between cancer and control samples in eight categories of blood-derived exoRNA-seq. The red bars indicate the number of upregulated DEGs in cancer samples relative to control samples, the blue bars represent downregulated DEGs, and the accompanying pie plots above the bars represent the KEGG pathways enriched by each group of DEGs