Table 1 Nerve-related effectors in HNC (supplementary indicators not mentioned in the text)
From: Cancer neuroscience in head and neck: interactions, modulation, and therapeutic strategies
Effect Factors | Disease | Source | Expression Level | Verification Method | Pathways or Biological processes | Potential impact on tumor neural interactions | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
BCAR3 | HNSCC | Cancer cell | Increase | Cellular intervention experiment | Cell adhesion, actin binding, cadherin binding, and angiogenesis | Associated with tumor PNI | Zhang Z, et al. 2021 [142] |
CD44 | OSCC | Unknown | Overexpression | Clinical sample validation | Unknown | Associated with tumor PNI | Lee JR, et al. 2018 [143] |
CELSR3 | OSCC | Cancer cell | Increase | Clinical sample validation | Axonogenesis, neuron migration, and cell-cell adhesion | Predict tumor PNI | Zheng K, et al. 2022 [144] |
CFL1 | HNSCC | Neuron | Increase | Cellular intervention experiment | Unknown | Associated with tumor PNI | Liu R, et al. 2024 [145] |
Circular RNA RNF111 | SACC | Cancer cell | Increase | Cell and animal model validation | miR-361-5p/HMGB2 axis | Associated with tumor PNI | Su R, et al. 2023 [146] |
C-Kit | ACC | Cancer cell | Increase | Clinical sample validation | Activated after stem cell factor stimulation | Associated with tumor PNI | Phuchareon J, et al. 2014 [147] |
DKK1 | HNSCC | Cancer cell | Increase | Cellular intervention experiment | PI3K/Akt signaling pathway | Induction of neurogenesis in tumors and promotion of PNI | Wang J, et al. 2020 [148] |
EMMPRIN | SACC | Cancer cell | Positive | Cell and animal model validation | Mediate the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 | Associated with tumor PNI | Yang X, et al. 2012 [149] |
L1CAM | OSCC | Cancer cell | Positive | Clinical sample validation | PI3K/AKT/ERK signaling pathways and EMT | Associated with tumor PNI | Kim JH, et al. 2023 [150] |
Laminin-5 | OSCC | Cancer cell | Positive | Clinical sample validation | Unknown | Associated with tumor PNI | Tarsitano A, et al. 2016 [151] |
IGFBP2 | SACC | Cancer cell | Increase | Cell and animal model validation | NF-κB/ZEB1 signaling pathway | Associated with tumor PNI | Yao X, et al. 2018 [152] |
IL-6 | HNSCC | Cancer cells and neurons co-culture media | Increase | Cell co-culture modeling and electrophysiological recordings | IL-6 receptor | Associated with cancer pain after tumor PNI | Uhelski ML, et al. 2022 [153] |
IMP3 | OSCC | Cancer cell | Positive | Clinical sample validation | Unknown | Associated with tumor PNI | Tarsitano A, et al. 2016 [151] |
ITGB1 | OSCC | Cancer cell | Increase | Cellular intervention experiment | The adhesion to neuronal cells, resistance to radiation, and invasion and migration of radioresistant OSCC | Associated with tumor PNI and radioresistance | Park SJ, et al. 2023 [154] |
ITGB6 | OSCC | Cancer cell | Increase | Cellular intervention experiment | Unknown | Associated with tumor PNI | Geyer M, et al. 2024 [155] |
MAG | OSCC | Cancer cell | Increase | Clinical sample validation | Unknown | Associated with tumor PNI | Mk H, et al. 2016 [156] |
MIF | SACC | Cancer cell | Increase | Cellular intervention experiment | EMT and Schwann-like cell differentiation | Associated with tumor PNI | Zhang M, et al. 2013 [157] |
Nanog | MEC | Cancer cell | Positive | Clinical sample validation | Unknown | Associated with tumor PNI | Destro Rodrigues MF, et al. 2017 [158] |
NgR3 | NPC | Cancer cell | Increase | Cellular intervention experiment | The downregulation of E-cadherin and enhanced cytoskeletal rearrangement and cell polarity | Associated with tumor lymph node metastasis which is correlated with nerve involvement | He JY, et al. 2018 [159] |
Notch-4 | ACC | Cancer cell | Unknown | Cellular intervention experiment | Unknown | Regulate the PNI activity of cancer cells | Chen W, et al. 2013 [160] |
NRP2 | HNC | Cancer cell | Increase | Cellular intervention experiment | RSK1/Sox2/Zeb1 axis | Its role as an axon guidance protein in neural development can influence the aggressive behavior of cancer cells | Ahn MH, et al. 2024 [161] |
Oct4 | MEC | Cancer cell | Positive | Clinical sample validation | Unknown | Associated with tumor PNI | Destro Rodrigues MF, et al. 2017 [158] |
PAR2 | HNSCC | Neuron | Unknown | Cell and animal model validation | Unknown | Associated with cancer pain | Lam DK, et al. 2010 [162] |
Podoplanin | OSCC | Cancer cell | Positive | Clinical sample validation | Unknown | An independent pre-operative variable significantly related to tumor PNI | Gabusi A, et al. 2024 [163] |
POFUT1 | HNSCC | Cancer cell | Increase | Cellular intervention experiment | Unknown | Affecting PNI of tumor cells | Barlak N, et al. 2023 [164] |
SLC7A11 | OSCC | Unknown | Overexpression | Clinical sample validation | Unknown | Associated with tumor PNI | Lee JR, et al. 2018 [143] |